中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞My dear friends ,when you come to a city, you probably want to visit the most famous scenic spots of special interest. Nanjing has many place of historic interests and has been capital for six “dynasties.” But if you leave Nanjing without visiting Dr. Sun Yat-sen` s Mausoleum, undoubtedly you have missed the most arresting and famous tourist attraction of the city.
Talking about the Mausoleum we should have an idea about Sun Yat-sen, the great pioneer of Chinese democratic revolution. Mr. Sun `s original name is Sun Wen and styled himself Yat-sen. So foreign friends would call him “Dr. Sun Yat-sen ”. Since he took “Woodcutter in Zhoushan ”as his alias when he took part in the revolutionary activities, he was respectfully and widely called Mr. Sun Zhongshan in China. On October 12, 1866, Mr. Sun was born in a farmer` s family in Caiheng village of Xiangshan county (the present-day zhongshang City) ,Guangdong Province. When he was still young, he had great expectations. He studied medicine in Honolulu, Hong Kong and some other places and after graduation he worked as a practitioner in Gangzhou, Macao and other places Later he gave up medicine as his profession to take part in political activities. In 1905, he set up China Alliance Organization in Japan and he was elected president. He put forward the famous guiding principle- “driving the invaders out ,restoring the sovereignty of China, establishing a republic and equalizing the land ownership ” and the Three People` s Principles-“ Nationalism, Democracy and the People` s Livelihood. ” On October 10, 1911, the Wuchang uprising broke out and Dr. Sun as elected Inrterim President of the Republic of China by representatives from seventeen provinces. On the following New Year` s day (January 1, 1912) Mr. Sun took the oath of office in Nanjing. From then on ,Mr. Sun experienced Yuan Shikai` s usurpation, the Second Revolution, “Campaign Protecting the Interim Constitution.” In 1921, Mr. Sun took the position of Pr
【擴(kuò)展閱讀篇】
一篇完整的導(dǎo)游詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)一般包括習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)、概括介紹、重點(diǎn)講解三個(gè)部分。
1.習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)
習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)又分為兩個(gè)部分——見(jiàn)面時(shí)的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)和離別時(shí)的告別語(yǔ)。
開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)包括問(wèn)候語(yǔ)、歡迎語(yǔ)、介紹語(yǔ)、游覽注意事項(xiàng)和對(duì)游客的希望五個(gè)方面，放在導(dǎo)游詞的最前面。
a、開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)
(1)介紹自己和旅行社
(2)介紹司機(jī)和車(chē)型、車(chē)號(hào)
(3)介紹旅游時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和形成安排
(4)表示歡迎。
b、告別語(yǔ)
(1)總結(jié)旅游情況
(2)感謝游客配合
(3)希望提出意見(jiàn)
(4)表示依依惜別
2.概括介紹
概括介紹是用概述法介紹旅游景點(diǎn)的.位置、范圍、地位、意義、歷史、現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展前景等，目的是幫助旅游者對(duì)景點(diǎn)先有個(gè)總體了解，引起游覽興趣，猶如“未成曲調(diào)先有情”。
概括介紹應(yīng)根據(jù)時(shí)間和游客情況，可長(zhǎng)可短，可詳可略(可根據(jù)需求所變)。
3.重點(diǎn)講解
重點(diǎn)講解是對(duì)旅游線(xiàn)路上的重點(diǎn)景觀(guān)從景點(diǎn)成因、歷史傳說(shuō)、文化背景、審美功能等方面進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的講解，使旅游者對(duì)旅游目的地有一個(gè)全面、正確的了解，同時(shí)要提醒旅游者注意自己攜帶的東西，保管好自己隨身的物品，這是導(dǎo)游詞最重要的組成部分。
功能
1.引導(dǎo)游客鑒賞
導(dǎo)游詞的宗旨是通過(guò)對(duì)旅游景觀(guān)繪聲繪色地講解、指點(diǎn)、評(píng)說(shuō)，幫助旅游者欣賞景觀(guān)，以達(dá)到游覽的最佳效果。
2.傳播文化知識(shí)
傳統(tǒng)文化知識(shí)即向游客介紹有關(guān)旅游勝地的歷史典故、地理風(fēng)貌、風(fēng)土人情、傳說(shuō)故事、民族習(xí)俗、古跡名勝、風(fēng)景特色，使游客增長(zhǎng)知識(shí)。
3.陶冶游客情操
導(dǎo)游詞的語(yǔ)言應(yīng)具有言之有理、有物、有情、有神等特點(diǎn)。通過(guò)語(yǔ)言藝術(shù)和技巧，給游客勾畫(huà)出一幅幅立體的圖畫(huà)，構(gòu)成生動(dòng)的視覺(jué)形象，把旅游者引入一種特定的意境，從而達(dá)到陶冶情操的目的。
此外，導(dǎo)游詞通過(guò)對(duì)旅游地出產(chǎn)物品的說(shuō)明、講解，客觀(guān)上起到向游客介紹商品的作用。
編輯本段特點(diǎn)
其主要特點(diǎn)是口語(yǔ)化些，此外還具有知識(shí)性、文學(xué)性、禮節(jié)性等。和藹，親切，自然輕松
編輯本段易出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題
1. 缺乏鮮明主題和觀(guān)點(diǎn)
2. 內(nèi)容太單薄。
3. 結(jié)構(gòu)層次不清楚，邏輯性不強(qiáng)，條理不清晰。
4. 導(dǎo)游詞不是散文，書(shū)面語(yǔ)太重介紹，口語(yǔ)化注意不夠;
5. 應(yīng)該有自我介紹以及導(dǎo)游慣用語(yǔ)，同時(shí)要注意與游客進(jìn)行交流，盡量有互動(dòng)節(jié)目。
6. 沒(méi)有處理好“景”與“事”的關(guān)系，講故事或者事理往往游離景點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。
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