家庭的結(jié)構(gòu)英語作文

　　At the beginning of the twentieth century, many people thought that the American family was falling apart. A century later, we know that this was not the case. However, although the family is still alive in the United States, its size and shape were very different 100 years ago.

　　In the late 1800s and early 1900s, there were mainly two types of families in the United States: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family usually includes grandparents, parents, and children living under the same roof. The nuclear family consists of only parents and children.

　　Today there are many different kinds of families. Some people live in “traditional” families, that is, a stay-home mother, a working father, and their own biological children. Others live in two-paycheck families, single-parent families, adoptive or foster, families, blended families (where men and women who were married before marry again and combine the children from previous marriages into the new families），child less families, and so on.

　　在第二十世紀(jì)初，許多人認(rèn)為美國(guó)家庭正在崩潰。一個(gè)世紀(jì)后，我們知道，這不是個(gè)案。然而，盡管這個(gè)家庭在美國(guó)還活著，但它的大小和形狀在100年前是很不一樣的。

　　19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初，美國(guó)有主要的家庭兩類：擴(kuò)展和核。大家庭通常包括祖父母、父母和孩子在同一屋檐下生活。核心家庭由父母和孩子組成。

　　今天有許多不同種類的家庭。有些人生活在“傳統(tǒng)”的家庭，即一個(gè)呆在家里的母親，一個(gè)工作的父親，和他們自己的親生孩子。另一些人則生活在家庭、單親家庭、收養(yǎng)或撫養(yǎng)、家庭、混合家庭（在結(jié)婚前結(jié)婚的男女，并將子女從以前的婚姻中結(jié)合到新家庭）、子女家庭等等。

　　What caused the structure of the family to change? In the early 1900s the birthrate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. Women were suddenly choosing to go to college and take jobs outside the home. In the 1930s and 1940s, many families faced serious financial, or money problems during the Great Depression, when many people lost their jobs. During World War II（1939-1945)，5 million women were left alone to take care of their homes and their children. Because many men were at war, thousands of these "war widows" had to go to work outside their home.

　　During the next ten years, the situation changed. There were fewer divorces, and people married at a younger age and had more children than the previous generation. It was unusual for a mother to work outside the home during the years when her children were growing tip. Families began leaving cities and moving into single-family homes in the suburbs. The traditional family seemed to be returning.

　　是什么導(dǎo)致了家庭結(jié)構(gòu)的變化？在本世紀(jì)初，出生率開始下降，離婚率開始上升。女性突然選擇上大學(xué)，在家外打工。在20世紀(jì)30年代和40年代，許多家庭在大蕭條時(shí)期都面臨著嚴(yán)重的財(cái)政或金錢問題，許多人失業(yè)了。二戰(zhàn)期間（1939-1945），5000000名婦女被單獨(dú)留下來照顧他們的'家庭和他們的孩子。因?yàn)樵S多人在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，成千上萬的這些“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)寡婦”不得不去外面工作，他們的家。

　　在接下來的十年里，形勢(shì)發(fā)生了變化。有更少的離婚和結(jié)婚的人，在年輕的時(shí)候，有更多的兒童比上一代。母親在孩子們成長(zhǎng)的過程中在外工作，這是不尋常的。家庭開始離開城市搬到郊區(qū)的單戶住宅。傳統(tǒng)家庭似乎還在回歸。

　　In the years between 1960s and 1990s, there were many important changes in the structure of the family. From the 1960s to the early 1970s, the divorce rate doubled and the birthrate fell by half. The number of single-parent families tripled, and the number of couples living together without being married doubled again. In fact, the single-parent household, once unusual, has replaced the "traditional" family as the typical family in the States. If we can judge from history, however, this will probably change again in the twenty-first century.

　　The Changes of the American Family

　　在20世紀(jì)60年代和90年代之間，家庭結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了許多重大變化。從60年代到70年代初，離婚率翻了一番，出生率下降了一半。單親家庭的數(shù)量翻了三倍，夫妻生活在一起的夫妻數(shù)量又一次又一次。事實(shí)上，單親家庭，一旦不尋常，已取代了傳統(tǒng)的“傳統(tǒng)”家庭為典型的家庭在美國(guó)。但是，如果我們能從歷史上判斷，這可能會(huì)在第二十一世紀(jì)發(fā)生改變。

　　美國(guó)家庭的變化

　　Main comparisons

　　Contexts

　　Different___1____

　　There were two __2___ types of families in the past, ___3____, the extended and the nuclear.

　　Nowadays __4___types of families can be seen than before.

　　Changes in different ___5_____.

　　In the 1900s and 1940s

　　Many of the women had to work outside due to the __6___of money., thus causing the fall of __7__and the rise of divorce rate.

　　In the 1950s

　　Divorce rate slided and there were more children . The families tended to be ___8___ again.

　　In the years between 1960s and 1990s

　　Different types of familes__9____. Traditional families are no longer the typical ones in America.

　　A trend worth noting

　　Author’s opinion on changes

　　The present structure is ___10____; it will experience changes again in the near future.

　　1. kinds/ types 2. main 3. namely 4. more 5.periods 6. lack 7. birthrate 8. fewer 9. occurred 10. temporary

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